My research examines the intersection of oboe performance, ergonomics, acoustics, and instrument manufacturing, with a particular focus on how modern technology can improve the physical relationship between musicians and their instruments. While the oboe has undergone significant mechanical development over the past two centuries, many aspects of its design remain rooted in historical conventions that can contribute to physical strain, fatigue, and long-term injury in performers. Through historical study and experimental prototyping, this project investigates how alternative materials, revised keywork systems, and emerging manufacturing methods such as 3D printing may offer new possibilities for instrument design. The research also explores the balance between preserving the tonal and artistic qualities expected of the modern oboe while improving comfort, accessibility, repairability, and customization for individual performers. Ultimately, this work aims to contribute to ongoing conversations surrounding musician health, innovation in instrument making, and the future development of woodwind instruments.